Originally Published By CBS19 NEWS
RICHMOND, Va. (CBS19 NEWS) — Dry ice is in high demand right now due to the need to transport COVID-19 vaccines at ultra-low temperatures, but improper disposal of it can lead to problems.
The Virginia Department of Fire Programs is cautioning first responders, health care professionals and citizens to be careful.
Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide, which weighs about twice as much as regular ice and releases carbon dioxide gas as it sublimates, or converts from solid directly to gas.
Carbon dioxide gas can quickly expand and displace oxygen inside enclosed spaces, such as transport compartments, small buildings and walk-in coolers.
“We’re noticing a number of groups who are coming into contact with dry ice with the mass distribution of COVID-19 vaccines, who may not be aware of the risks that dry ice may impose. For example, dry ice at room temperature, could ‘off-gas’ a high level of CO2 in a confined space. This is a hazard,” said VDFP Executive Director Michael Reilly. “First responders who are trained in hazardous materials response are aware of the proper handling, storage, and disposal of dry ice. We remain partners in response and prevention. We also want to stress the importance of risk mitigation during such an unprecedented time.”
The VDFP also says there are other potential hazards with dry ice, including an increased potential for an explosion due to pressure build-up inside tightly sealed containers with no pressure relief valve if gas is released in transport or storage.
Exposure to areas where carbon dioxide gas has displaced oxygen can result in unconsciousness and physical contact with solid pieces of dry ice can cause frostbite or burns on the skin.
“Our concern is about how Virginians should properly interact with the volumes of dry ice that the vaccines are packed with. There should be no eating, drinking, or smoking wherever the dry ice is handled, stored, and disposed,” said Virginia State Fire Marshal Garrett Dyer. “If an accident involving carbon dioxide occurs, such as a spillage, there are also environmental impacts to consider. This is why proper disposal of volumes of dry ice by a trained professional is important.”
VDFP says anyone handling dry ice should be wearing cryogenic gloves. If skin is exposed to dry ice, the contact area will need to be warmed to avoid tearing.
Dry ice should be stored in well-ventilated areas, and since it sublimates at negative 78 degrees Celsius, off-gassing can quickly displace oxygen inside confined areas.
This product is also frequently used by special effects artists, who also need to take precautions in handling it.
